过量使用化肥不仅会对农作物的产量和质量造成影响，而且还会加剧环境的污染，甚至会威胁粮食的安全，总之最后受损的还是我们自己。因此，化肥使用过量必须要做好以下四大科学要点：

Excessive use of chemical fertilizers will not only affect the yield and quality of crops, but also aggravate environmental pollution and even threaten food security. Therefore, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers must do the following four scientific points:

1、加大宣传力度 Increase publicity

这是最为基础的方面，很多人往往就是知识上的缺乏，而总是凭借经验办事，往往就容易造成过量的使用化肥。虽然近些年农户的认知已经得到了一定的提高，但宣传力度还远远不够，要大力宣传科学的施肥知识以及过量使用化肥的危害，通过网络、媒体、科技下乡等措施，让更多的农民了解科学施肥的重要性。

This is the most basic aspect. Many people are often lacking in knowledge, and they always rely on experience to do things, which often leads to excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Although the awareness of farmers has been improved to a certain extent in recent years, the propaganda efforts are far from enough. It is necessary to vigorously publicize the scientific knowledge of fertilization and the harm of excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Many farmers understand the importance of scientific fertilization.

2、推广测配方施肥 Promote and test formula fertilization

推广测配方施肥在于帮助农民了解测配方，对于不同区域、不同地块的壤成分进行详细解构，该地适合种什么作物，碳磷钾等个元素的含量以及配比要怎么平衡，实现平衡施肥，以此来促进作物的高产。当然，这个工作相对比较复杂，需要多个部门综合努力。

The promotion of test formula fertilization is to help farmers understand the test formula, deconstruct the soil composition of different regions and plots in detail, what crops are suitable for the land, the content of carbon, phosphorus, potassium and other elements and how to balance the ratio, Achieve balanced fertilization to promote high crop yields. Of course, this work is relatively complex and requires the combined efforts of multiple departments.

3、增加有机肥的比重 Increase the proportion of organic fertilizer

有机肥的特点比较明显，具有养分全、肥效长、无污染，改善土壤的理化性质，增加土壤保水、保肥的能力，提高农产的品质和产量，不过要注意一点，施用前要腐熟。

The characteristics of organic fertilizer are more obvious, with complete nutrients, long fertilizer effect, no pollution, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase the ability of soil to retain water and fertilizer, and improve the quality and yield of agricultural products, but it should be noted that it must be decomposed before application.

4、注意中微量元素的施用 Pay attention to the application of trace elements

不少农户在种植农作物时，往往在施加完底肥之后，就不再追肥了，认为底肥施加的是氮磷钾复合肥，其元素已经到位了，但碳磷钾都是主微量元素。事实上，中微量元素(锰、锌、铁等)的施用也十分关键，可以让养分平衡供应，以此来提高作物的产量。

When planting crops, many farmers often stop top-dressing after applying the base fertilizer, thinking that the base fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, and its elements are already in place, but carbon, phosphorus and potassium are the main trace elements. In fact, the application of medium and trace elements (manganese, zinc, iron, etc.) is also critical, allowing a balanced supply of nutrients to improve crop yields.